What equipment is needed to drill a well to find water

The use of mechanical equipment or manpower to drill holes from the surface into the ground is called well drilling. It usually refers to the drilling of exploratory boreholes and large diameter water supply wells for the exploration or development of liquid and gaseous minerals such as oil and natural gas. Well drilling is used in an extremely wide range of applications in the national economy. The following is a small introduction to the knowledge of well drilling, as shown below.

Introduction to the basics of well drilling

1、ground water detector

The ground water detector is based on the difference in electrical conductivity of different underground geological structures with the earth's electromagnetic field as the field source, and studies the geological structure and changes by measuring the changes in the electric field components at different frequencies, and scientifically searches for changes in the geological structure of groundwater resources by displaying the curve in real time.

2、Drill bit

Drill bits are mainly divided into: scraper bits; gear bits; diamond bits; carbide blocks; special bit elements, etc. The main indicators for measuring the drill bit are: drill bit feed and mechanical drilling speed.

3、The eight main parts of the drilling rig

The eight main parts of the drilling rig are: derrick, crane, walking skid, big hook, tap, winch, turntable and mud pump.

4、The composition of the drilling column and its role

The common components of the drilling column are: drill bit, drill collar, drill pipe, stabilizer, special joint, and square drill pipe. The basic roles of the drill column are: (1) raising and lowering the drill bit; (2) applying drilling pressure; (3) transmitting power; (4) conveying drilling fluid; (5) carrying out special operations: squeezing cement, handling downhole accidents, etc.

5、Well drilling fluid performance

The properties of drilling fluid are: (1) density; (2) viscosity; (3) yield value; (4) static shear force; (5) water loss; (6) mud cake thickness; (7) sand content; (8) acidity, alkalinity; (9) solid phase, oil and water content.

6、The role of drilling fluid

Well drilling fluid is the blood of well drilling. Its main roles are; (1) carrying and hanging rock chips; (2) cooling and lubricating the drill bit and drilling tools; (3) cleaning and flushing the bottom of the well to facilitate drilling; (4) using the drilling fluid column pressure to prevent well blowout; (5) protecting the well wall from collapsing; (6) transporting power for downhole power drilling tools.

7、Commonly used well drilling fluid purification equipment

Commonly used well drilling fluid purification equipment: (1) vibrating screen, which is used to remove sand particles larger than the size of the sieve; (2) cyclone separator, which is used to remove particles smaller than the size of the sieve hole of the vibrating screen; (3) spiral centrifugal separator, which is used to recover barite and separate clay particles; (4) sieve cylinder centrifugal separator, which is used to recover barite.